The design and performance analysis of polarization rotation and conversion (PRC)-based 3 × 3 ternary logic switch using gallium arsenide-based microring resonator (MRR) is investigated in the present communication. The three different polarization states of light represent the three distinct logic levels (− 1, 0, and 1). A pump source with high-intensity and the input light’s polarization state works together to change the output polarization state into one of the three desirable polarization states. The proposed all-optical ternary circuit is numerically investigated at 2.5 Tbps using INTERCONNECT simulation platform. The Stokes parameter and Jones matrix approaches are used to validate the results that were produced. The main benefit of the suggested method is that a single MRR can generate 18 different logical functions using just one circuit.