… We evaluated the metabolic phenotypes of LKO mice with global deficiency of … that the
mitochondrial integrated stress response (ISR mt ) in liver mediates metabolic adaptation through …

… systemic metabolic adaptations mediated by endogenous FGF21 and GDF15 induction in
response to mitochondrial stress and activation of the mitochondrial stress response. We will …

… and robust metabolic adaptation and muscle ISR-driven FGF21 … Differential role of muscle
FGF21 on plasma and hepatic … induction of Gdf15 was not affected by the loss of FGF21 action…

… in genetically modified mouse models of mitochondrial … the complexities of endogenous
FGF21 and GDF15 action in … activation of energy metabolism, systemic metabolic remodeling, …

… 15 (GDF15) is highly induced during mitochondrial dysfunction, … response that controls
systemic metabolic adaptation. … high circulating FGF21 are affected by the lack of GDF15, possibly …

… -FGF21 and GDF15 responses are induced in MMs caused by mitochondrial translation defects
and mtDNA … The FGF21 finding is corroborated in comprehensive mouse model material. …

… suggested that FGF21 is dispensable for whole-body metabolic adaptations upon muscle …
–CHOP pathway could regulate Gdf15 expression under mitochondrial stress. To validate the …

… The induction of metabolic cytokines FGF-21 and GDF-15 is proposed to be part of a
multifaceted tissuespecific stress … [65] Lee, MS Effect of mitochondrial stress on systemic me- …

… by autocrine and endocrine effects of FGF21, a metabolic hormone with pleiotropic effects. …
mitochondrial one-carbon cycle, FGF21, and GDF15). The local progression to 2 nd metabolic …

… of both FGF-21 and GDF-15 significantly differentiated the … ability after Bonferronis adjustment.
These observations confirm … The average plasma values of FGF-21 and GDF-15 reported …