Neutral particle densities and energy losses have been measured in the Alcator C-Mod
tokamak [Hutchinson et al., Phys. Plasmas 1, 1511 (1994)]. Their effect on the formation and
evolution of the edge barrier which accompanies the enhanced confinement regime are
discussed. The neutrals can enter the edge dynamics through the particle, momentum, and
energy balance. Neutral densities of up to 5× 10 16 m− 3 have been measured in the edge
barrier region. Neutrals enter the local dynamics around most of the periphery, not just at the …

It is well known that hydrogen addition to spark-ignited (SI) engines can reduce exhaust
emissions and increase efficiency. Micro plasmatron fuel converters can be used for
onboard generation of hydrogen-rich gas by partial oxidation of a wide range of fuels. These
plasma boosted microreformers are compact, rugged, and provide rapid response. With
hydrogen supplement to the main fuel, SI engines can run very lean resulting in a large
reduction in nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions relative to stoichiometric combustion without a …