Effects of physiological integration on defense strategies against herbivory by the clonal plant Alternanthera philoxeroides
Journal of plant ecology, 2019•academic.oup.com
Aims The plant–herbivore interaction is one of the most fundamental interactions in nature.
Plants are sessile organisms, and consequently rely on particular strategies to avoid or
reduce the negative impact of herbivory. Here, we aimed to determine the defense strategies
against insect herbivores in the creeping invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides.
Methods We tested the defense response of A. philoxeroides to herbivory by a leaf-feeding
specialist insect Agasicles hygrophila and a polyphagous sap-feeding insect Planococcus …
Plants are sessile organisms, and consequently rely on particular strategies to avoid or
reduce the negative impact of herbivory. Here, we aimed to determine the defense strategies
against insect herbivores in the creeping invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides.
Methods We tested the defense response of A. philoxeroides to herbivory by a leaf-feeding
specialist insect Agasicles hygrophila and a polyphagous sap-feeding insect Planococcus …
Aims
The plant–herbivore interaction is one of the most fundamental interactions in nature. Plants are sessile organisms, and consequently rely on particular strategies to avoid or reduce the negative impact of herbivory. Here, we aimed to determine the defense strategies against insect herbivores in the creeping invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides.
Methods
We tested the defense response of A. philoxeroides to herbivory by a leaf-feeding specialist insect Agasicles hygrophila and a polyphagous sap-feeding insect Planococcus minor. We also tested the mechanisms triggering defense responses of A. philoxeroides by including treatments of artificial leaf removal and jasmonic acid application. Furthermore, we examined the effect of physiological integration on these defense strategies.
Important Findings
The combination of artificial leaf removal and jasmonic acid application produced a similar effect to that of leaf-feeding by the real herbivore. Physiological integration influenced the defense strategies of A. philoxeroides against herbivores, and increased biomass allocation to aboveground parts in its apical ramets damaged by real herbivores. Our study highlights the importance of physiological integration and modular plasticity for understanding the consequences of herbivory in clonal plants.
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