RESULTS• Thirty-five percent of the total patient population had a first trimester HbA1
greater than 9 standard deviations above the mean, and 14% were above 12 standard
deviations above the mean.(See Table 3.1.)• Ten patients were lost to follow-up (mean
HbA1 12.0%), and nine patients were known to have transferred their care to other
physicians during the study period (mean HbA1 9.6%).• There were a total of 20 major
malformations diagnosed, of which 8 were considered “fatal.” Five of those patients elected …

The relationship between the level of hemoglobin A1 (Hb A1) in the first trimester and major
malformations and spontaneous abortions was examined in 303 insulin‐requiring diabetic
gravidas. During the study period, all patients with insulin‐requiring diabetes mellitus
antedating pregnancy who registered for prenatal care prior to 12 weeks' gestation and who
had a known outcome were included. Thirty‐five percent of the patients entered with a first‐
trimester Hb A1 of greater than 11.0% of total hemoglobin (9 standard deviations above the …