Abiotic factors are an important constraint in regulating plants growth, architecture, and survival in a particular geographical area. The abiotic components include temperature, water, and nutrients; any deviation from the above ideal condition concerning the plant leads to an adverse condition known as abiotic stress. Under abiotic stress plants’ normal growth gets hindered, ultimately leading to lower crop yield or in extreme may lead to plant fatality. Throughout the process of evolution, plants have gained traits by novel mutation or acquired them from ancestors to counter stress. Small millets are one of the most adapted species belonging to the natural stress-resistant grass family. Along with the adaptability, small millets are a good source of nutrition, easy to cultivate and require lesser field input, along with the advantages of good market values. Thus, at present, it is the need to identify and characterize those novel traits in small millets to generate stress-resistant and high-yielding cultivars, which is not possible by conventional breeding approaches. With the advancement of long sequencing tools and multi-omics techniques, it is now easier to generate larger germplasm and genome database. The genome-editing techniques are now getting better with time, the novel techniques like homologous recombination, RNAi and CRISPR/Cas based genome editing have revolutionized the process. As the approaches are cost-effective, easy to use, and prone to negligible error, will help to counter the climate change challenges and to eradicate world food security along with may attract, public acceptance to genome engineered plants.