Halide Complexes of 5, 6‐Dicyano‐2, 1, 3‐Benzoselenadiazole with 1: 4 Stoichiometry: Cooperativity between Chalcogen and Hydrogen Bonding

EA Radiush, H Wang, EA Chulanova… - …, 2023 - Wiley Online Library
EA Radiush, H Wang, EA Chulanova, YA Ponomareva, B Li, QY Wei, GE Salnikov…
ChemPlusChem, 2023Wiley Online Library
Abstract The [M4− Hal]−(M= the title compound; Hal= Cl, Br, and I) complexes were isolated
in the form of salts of [Et4N]+ cation and characterized by XRD, NMR, UV‐Vis, DFT, QTAIM,
EDD, and EDA. Their stoichiometry is caused by a cooperative interplay of σ‐hole‐driven
chalcogen (ChB) and hydrogen (HB) bondings. In the crystal,[M4− Hal]− are connected by
the π‐hole‐driven ChB; overall, each [Hal]− is six‐coordinated. In the ChB, the electrostatic
interaction dominates over orbital and dispersion interactions. In UV‐Vis spectra of the M+ …
Abstract
The [M4−Hal] (M=the title compound; Hal=Cl, Br, and I) complexes were isolated in the form of salts of [Et4N]+ cation and characterized by XRD, NMR, UV‐Vis, DFT, QTAIM, EDD, and EDA. Their stoichiometry is caused by a cooperative interplay of σ‐hole‐driven chalcogen (ChB) and hydrogen (HB) bondings. In the crystal, [M4−Hal] are connected by the π‐hole‐driven ChB; overall, each [Hal] is six‐coordinated. In the ChB, the electrostatic interaction dominates over orbital and dispersion interactions. In UV‐Vis spectra of the M+[Hal] solutions, ChB‐typical and [Hal]‐dependent charge‐transfer bands are present; they reflect orbital interactions and allow identification of the individual [Hal]. However, the structural situation in the solutions is not entirely clear. Particularly, the UV‐Vis spectra of the solutions are different from the solid‐state spectra of the [Et4N]+[M4−Hal]; very tentatively, species in the solutions are assigned [M−Hal]. It is supposed that the formation of the [M4−Hal] proceeds during the crystallization of the [Et4N]+[M4−Hal]. Overall, M can be considered as a chromogenic receptor and prototype sensor of [Hal]. The findings are also useful for crystal engineering and supramolecular chemistry.
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