Declines in global biodiversity have inspired a generation of studies that seek to
characterize relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. The metrics for
complementarity and selection effects derived by Loreau and Hector in 2001 remain some of
the most influential and widely used statistics for studying these relationships. These metrics
quantify the degree to which the effect of biodiversity on a given ecosystem function
depends on only a few species that perform well in monoculture and in mixture (the …