In the past decades, new methods for tumor staging, restaging, treatment response
monitoring, and recurrence detection of a variety of cancers have emerged in conjunction
with the state-of-the-art positron emission tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]-
FDG PET). 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (13CMRSI) is a minimally
invasive imaging method that enables the monitoring of metabolism in vivo and in real time.
As with any other method based on 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), it faces the …