Influence of stress path on tunnel excavation response–Numerical tool selection and modeling strategy

M Cai - Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2008 - Elsevier
The actual stress path in a rock mass during tunnel excavation is complex. To capture the
correct tunnel excavation response, it is important to correctly resemble the stress path in
situ in the numerical tools. FLAC and Phase2 are two powerful two-dimensional continuum
codes for modeling soil, rock, and structural behavior, in the fields of geotechnical,
geomechanics and in civil and mining engineering. FLAC is based on explicit finite
difference formulation while Phase2 is based on implicit finite element formulation. When the …
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