[HTML][HTML] Knowing the new Omicron BA. 2.75 variant ('Centaurus'): A simulation study
Dear Editor, Omicron BA. 5 is the most dominant strain of the Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), with an estimated 85% of cases in United States
(https://covid. cdc. gov/). A new subvariant known as BA. 2.75 (unofficially Centaurus) was
detected in India in May 2022, and several cases have been recently reported. It is not clear
how mutations of this subvariant in the gene encoding for receptor binding domain (RBD) of
the spike (S) protein of the virus can affect rate of infectivity. Of note, the RBD of SARS-CoV …
Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), with an estimated 85% of cases in United States
(https://covid. cdc. gov/). A new subvariant known as BA. 2.75 (unofficially Centaurus) was
detected in India in May 2022, and several cases have been recently reported. It is not clear
how mutations of this subvariant in the gene encoding for receptor binding domain (RBD) of
the spike (S) protein of the virus can affect rate of infectivity. Of note, the RBD of SARS-CoV …
Dear Editor, Omicron BA. 5 is the most dominant strain of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), with an estimated 85% of cases in United States (https://covid. cdc. gov/). A new subvariant known as BA. 2.75 (unofficially Centaurus) was detected in India in May 2022, and several cases have been recently reported. It is not clear how mutations of this subvariant in the gene encoding for receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S) protein of the virus can affect rate of infectivity. Of note, the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 docks to angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors [1], gains entry into cells and dysregulates the renin-angiotensin system leading to an Angiotensin II storm [2–7]. We studied the effect of mutations of BA. 2.75 subvariant on RBD, the conformational dynamics of the S protein and its adhesivity to ACE2 receptors. After download of the proteins sequence and structure for SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 receptor from the Protein Data Bank (ht t ps://www. wwpdb. org/), we used the Pymol mutagenesis wizard (https://pymol. org) to introduce the specific mutations at the appropriate residues in wild type SARS-CoV-2 spike in order to create Omicron BA. 5 and BA. 2.75 variants. In addition and to evaluate the positions of new mutations, we did a pairwise alignment of the RBD’s sequence of Omicron variants with Clustal omega (https://www. ebi. ac. uk/Tools/msa/clustalo/). The online server EMBOSS Pepstats (https://www. ebi. ac. uk/Tools/seqstats/emboss_pepstats/) was used to calculate the biochemical proprieties of the two variants. To evaluate binding affinity (ΔG) and Kd prediction we used the PRODIGY webserver (https://wenmr. science. uu. nl/prodigy/). After preparing the protein, Cluspro (https://www. ebi. ac. uk/Tools/msa/clustalo/) was used to dock the reference Omicron variants to the ACE2 receptor. Fig. 1 (upper panel) shows the position of mutations in the S protein of BA. 2.75 (left side), and the aminoacidic sequences in the RBD (right side) of Omicron BA. 2.75 when compared with Omicron BA. 5. For effect of these mutations, Omicron BA. 2.75 showed a 57-fold higher binding
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