The institutional environment of developing countries may lead firms to engage in unlawful firm conduct, which is a pervasive problem in this context. Our paper examines the effectiveness of organizational practices for ensuring that firms adhere to the law in the light of pressures from the institutional environment to be unlawful. Using the lens of anomie theory, we investigate: (a) the negative effect of aspects of the institutional context—regulatory burden and lack of industry munificence—on a law‐abiding climate, a type of organizational climate related to unlawful conduct, and (b) the role of socially responsible organizational practices in combating these negative effects. Survey data were collected from 118 firms and analysed using OLS moderated regression. Our results indicate that a manager's perceptions of regulatory burden and lack of industry munificence are negatively related to the extent to which the firm has a law‐abiding climate. Furthermore, our findings shed light on the ability of socially responsible practices to countervail this effect. While the negative effect of perceived regulatory burden on law‐abiding climate weakens when codes of ethics are used more extensively by a firm, it strengthens when firms hold a CSR certification. The latter finding may be due to the lack of enforcement associated with the specific certification considered in our study.