Background Despite growing enthusiasm for co-production in healthcare services and
research, research on co-production practices is lacking. Multiple frameworks, guidelines
and principles are available but little empirical research is conducted on 'how to do'co-
production of research to improve healthcare services. This paper brings together insights
from UK-based collaborative research partnerships on leading co-production. Its aim is to
inform practical guidance for new partnerships planning to facilitate the co-production of …

Funding from the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Public
Health Research (SPHR) is gratefully acknowledged for resourcing NH to support the data
analysis and write up as part of her Summer Internship. RK is partially funded by the (NIHR)
Applied Research Collaboration Greater Manchester (ARC-GM). PF and MC are members
of the NIHR Applied Research Collaboration North East and