Long-term persistence of RBD+ memory B cells encoding neutralizing antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 infection

A Abayasingam, H Balachandran, D Agapiou… - Cell reports …, 2021 - cell.com
A Abayasingam, H Balachandran, D Agapiou, M Hammoud, C Rodrigo, E Keoshkerian, H Li…
Cell reports Medicine, 2021cell.com
Considerable concerns relating to the duration of protective immunity against severe acute
respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) exist, with evidence of antibody titers
declining rapidly after infection and reports of reinfection. Here, we monitor the antibody
responses against SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) for up to 6 months after
infection. While antibody titers are maintained,∼ 13% of the cohort's neutralizing responses
return to background. However, encouragingly, in a selected subset of 13 participants, 12 …
Summary
Considerable concerns relating to the duration of protective immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) exist, with evidence of antibody titers declining rapidly after infection and reports of reinfection. Here, we monitor the antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) for up to 6 months after infection. While antibody titers are maintained, ∼13% of the cohort's neutralizing responses return to background. However, encouragingly, in a selected subset of 13 participants, 12 have detectable RBD-specific memory B cells and these generally are increasing out to 6 months. Furthermore, we are able to generate monoclonal antibodies with SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing capacity from these memory B cells. Overall, our study suggests that the loss of neutralizing antibodies in plasma may be countered by the maintenance of neutralizing capacity in the memory B cell repertoire.
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