Background: There is growing concern worldwide about the role of polluted soil and water
environments in the development and dissemination of antibiotic resistance. Objective: Our
aim in this study was to identify management options for reducing the spread of antibiotics
and antibiotic-resistance determinants via environmental pathways, with the ultimate goal of
extending the useful life span of antibiotics. We also examined incentives and disincentives
for action. Methods: We focused on management options with respect to limiting agricultural …