This research paper aimed at determining the impact of material reinforcement on primary school pupils' cognitive and affective behaviours in the classroom situations. Two research purposes, research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. Expose-factor research design was adopted. The sample for the study was 557 pupils. Questionnaire was used in data collection. Mean standard deviation and t-test were applied in answering the research questions while t-test was used in the analysis of the data. Results obtained indicated that material reinforcement influenced both cognitive and affective behaviours of primary school pupils significantly.