Mucosal toll-like receptor 3-dependent synthesis of complement factor B and systemic complement activation in inflammatory bowel disease
AE Østvik, AB Granlund, BI Gustafsson… - Inflammatory Bowel …, 2014 - academic.oup.com
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, 2014•academic.oup.com
Background Recent studies link Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) to the pathogenesis of
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Screening TLR3-agonist response in an intestinal
epithelial cell line, we found complement factor B mRNA (CFB) potently upregulated and
went on to further study localization of complement factor B synthesis and systemic
activation of complement in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Methods In a
transcriptome analysis of poly (I: C) stimulated HT-29 cells, we found CFB highly …
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Screening TLR3-agonist response in an intestinal
epithelial cell line, we found complement factor B mRNA (CFB) potently upregulated and
went on to further study localization of complement factor B synthesis and systemic
activation of complement in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Methods In a
transcriptome analysis of poly (I: C) stimulated HT-29 cells, we found CFB highly …
Background
Recent studies link Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Screening TLR3-agonist response in an intestinal epithelial cell line, we found complement factor B mRNA (CFB) potently upregulated and went on to further study localization of complement factor B synthesis and systemic activation of complement in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
Methods
In a transcriptome analysis of poly (I:C) stimulated HT-29 cells, we found CFB highly upregulated downstream of TLR3. We sought to confirm CFB upregulation in a microarray gene expression analysis on colonic biopsies from an IBD population (n = 133). Immunohistochemical staining and in situ hybridization were done to identify cellular sources of factor B and CFB. Systemic complement activation was assessed in plasma (n = 18) using neoepitope-based enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.
Results
CFB mRNA and protein were abundantly expressed in the colonic epithelial cell line, and synthesis enhanced by the poly (I:C) TLR3 ligand. In inflamed versus normal colonic mucosa of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, CFB mRNA was the most significantly overexpressed gene and the mRNA abundance ratio was among the 50 highest. Epithelial cells were the dominating site of factor B expression. Systemic complement activation was significantly higher in active than in nonactive IBD.
Conclusions
This study is the first to link TLR3 to activation of the alternative complement pathway. Complement factor B is potently upregulated locally in IBD in addition to having a possible central role in systemic complement activation. This suggests a prominent role for complement in IBD pathogenesis.
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