This chapter discusses relevant information regarding the application of neurofeedback training (NFT) in enhancing sports performance. It provides both the theoretical and methodological basis of NFT in sport performance. The chapter evaluates the quality of studies regarding this line of research, with a particular focus on methodological critiques regarding how to evaluate the effects of NFT on sports performance. NFT is a way to maintain an adaptive level of concentration for optimal performance by way of regulating cortical brain activity. Alpha NFT has been linked to performance enhancement on cognitive tasks. The origin of frontal midline theta activity has been related to the anterior cingulate cortex, which is believed to deal with cognitive and behavioral control. Topographical specificity refers to whether a concurrent change of cortical activity in areas other than the training site is observed after NFT. The positive effects of NFT have been reported in dance performance, archery, swimming, gymnastics, rifle shooting, and golf putting.