Objective To determine whether patients with neuropsychiatric (NP) events attributed to
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have more global disease activity than patients with NP
events not attributed to SLE. Methods Patients were recruited from an academic lupus clinic.
Global disease activity was measured with the SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-
2K) and organ damage with the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics
(SLICC)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) damage index (SDI). NP disease was …

Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is the least understood, yet
perhaps the most prevalent manifestation of lupus. The pathogenesis of NPSLE is
multifactorial and involves various inflammatory cytokines, autoantibodies, and immune
complexes resulting in vasculopathic, cytotoxic and autoantibody-mediated neuronal injury.
The management of NPSLE is multimodal and has not been subjected to rigorous study.
Different treatment regimens include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, anticoagulation …