Fossil primates have been known from the late middle to late Eocene Pondaung Formation of Myanmar since the description of Pondaungia cotteri in 1927. Three additional primate taxa, Amphipithecus mogaungensis, Bahinia pondaungensis, and Myanmarpithecus yarshensis have been described subsequently. Siamopithecus from the late Eocene of Thailand has been allied with Pondaungia and Amphipithecus in the family Amphipithecidae, and this family has been placed in Anthropoidea as a sister group to Egyptian Fayum anthropoids. A new analysis of all known larger-bodied fossil primates from Myanmar leads to the following conclusions:(1) Pondaungia, Amphipithecus, and Siamopithecus are notharctid adapifoms that belong in a distinct subfamily, Pondaunginae;(2) the Myanmar pondaungine taxa (Pondaungini) can be distinguished at the tribal level from Siamopithecus (Siamopithecini, new tribe);(3) three species of larger-bodied primates are now represented in Myanmar: