Next generation chimeric antigen receptor T cells: safety strategies to overcome toxicity

S Yu, M Yi, S Qin, K Wu - Molecular cancer, 2019 - Springer
S Yu, M Yi, S Qin, K Wu
Molecular cancer, 2019Springer
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy is an emerging and effective cancer
immunotherapy. Especially in hematological malignancies, CAR-T cells have achieved
exciting results. Two Anti-CD19 CAR-T therapies have been approved for the treatment of
CD19-positive leukemia or lymphoma. However, the application of CAR-T cells is obviously
hampered by the adverse effects, such as cytokines release syndrome and on-target off-
tumor toxicity. In some clinical trials, patients quitted the treatment of CAR-T cells due to life …
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy is an emerging and effective cancer immunotherapy. Especially in hematological malignancies, CAR-T cells have achieved exciting results. Two Anti-CD19 CAR-T therapies have been approved for the treatment of CD19-positive leukemia or lymphoma. However, the application of CAR-T cells is obviously hampered by the adverse effects, such as cytokines release syndrome and on-target off-tumor toxicity. In some clinical trials, patients quitted the treatment of CAR-T cells due to life-threatening toxicity. Seeking to alleviate these toxicities or prevent the occurrence, researchers have developed a number of safety strategies of CAR-T cells, including suicide genes, synthetic Notch receptor, on-switch CAR, combinatorial target-antigen recognition, bispecific T cell engager and inhibitory CAR. This review summarized the preclinical studies and clinical trials of the safety strategies of CAR-T cells and their respective strengths and weaknesses.
Springer
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