Novel TLR 7/8 agonists for improving NK cell mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)

V Khanna, H Kim, W Zhang, P Larson, M Shah… - Scientific reports, 2021 - nature.com
Scientific reports, 2021nature.com
There is a significant interest in designing therapeutic agents that can enhance ADCC and
thereby improve clinical responses with approved antibodies. We recently reported the
combination of an imidazoquinoline-based TLR7/8 agonist (522) with a monoclonal
antibody improved ADCC in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we tested several new
small molecule TLR7/8 agonists that induce significantly higher cytokines compared to both
the FDA-approved TLR7 agonist, imiquimod, and 522. We evaluated these agonists in …
Abstract
There is a significant interest in designing therapeutic agents that can enhance ADCC and thereby improve clinical responses with approved antibodies. We recently reported the combination of an imidazoquinoline-based TLR7/8 agonist (522) with a monoclonal antibody improved ADCC in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we tested several new small molecule TLR7/8 agonists that induce significantly higher cytokines compared to both the FDA-approved TLR7 agonist, imiquimod, and 522. We evaluated these agonists in combination with monoclonal antibody therapy, with the main goal of enhancing ADCC. Our studies show these TLR7/8 agonists induce robust pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and activate NK cells. Specifically, we found the agonists 574 and 558 significantly enhanced NK cell-mediated ADCC in vitro as well as enhanced the anti-cancer efficacy of monoclonal antibodies in two different in vivo mouse models. Additionally, we found the agonists were able to stimulate CD8 T cells, likely indicative of an early adaptive immune response.
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