Male breast cancer is poorly understood with a large proportion arising in the familial context
particularly with the BRCA2 germline mutation. As phenotypic and genotypic differences
between sporadic and familial male breast cancers have been noted, we investigated the
importance of a hypoxic drive in these cancers as this pathway has been shown to be of
importance in familial female breast cancer. Expression of two major hypoxia-induced
proteins, the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1A) and the carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9) …