Dust deposition on Photovoltaic (PV) surfaces reduces the amount of radiation received by
the solar cell, which decreases the energy output of solar PV systems. In this study, the
process of dust deposition on three different photovoltaic parking lot structures, including a
mono-pitch canopy, a duo-pitch canopy, and a barrel-arch canopy is numerically
investigated for the first time. The results show that a slight variation of the tilt angle has no
significant effect on the dust deposition behavior. However, the size of the dust particles has …