Pharmaceutical removal in tropical subsurface flow constructed wetlands at varying hydraulic loading rates
Determining the fate of emerging organic contaminants in an aquatic ecosystem is important
for developing constructed wetlands (CWs) treatment technology. Experiments were carried
out in subsurface flow CWs in Singapore to evaluate the fate and transport of eight
pharmaceutical compounds. The CW system included three parallel horizontal subsurface
flow CWs and three parallel unplanted beds fed continuously with synthetic wastewater at
different hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The findings of the tests at 2–6d HRTs showed …
for developing constructed wetlands (CWs) treatment technology. Experiments were carried
out in subsurface flow CWs in Singapore to evaluate the fate and transport of eight
pharmaceutical compounds. The CW system included three parallel horizontal subsurface
flow CWs and three parallel unplanted beds fed continuously with synthetic wastewater at
different hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The findings of the tests at 2–6d HRTs showed …
Pharmaceutical removal in tropical subsurface flow constructed wetlands at varying hydraulic loading rates.
ZDQ Zhang DongQing, RM Gersberg, HT Hua Tao… - 2012 - cabidigitallibrary.org
Determining the fate of emerging organic contaminants in an aquatic ecosystem is important
for developing constructed wetlands (CWs) treatment technology. Experiments were carried
out in subsurface flow CWs in Singapore to evaluate the fate and transport of eight
pharmaceutical compounds. The CW system included three parallel horizontal subsurface
flow CWs and three parallel unplanted beds fed continuously with synthetic wastewater at
different hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The findings of the tests at 2-6 d HRTs showed …
for developing constructed wetlands (CWs) treatment technology. Experiments were carried
out in subsurface flow CWs in Singapore to evaluate the fate and transport of eight
pharmaceutical compounds. The CW system included three parallel horizontal subsurface
flow CWs and three parallel unplanted beds fed continuously with synthetic wastewater at
different hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The findings of the tests at 2-6 d HRTs showed …
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