… a view of the way in which phenotypes of animals, plants and lower organisms evolve,
bearing in mind that they are the result of complex interactions between phenotypic plasticity (the …

… that from our perspective—sex as a reaction norm—variation is explicitly included instead
of looked upon as deviation. Both discrete and continuous sexual phenotypes are functions of …

… plasticity in which the phenotype reacts to any given order and position of exposures along
the environmental axis. We focus on applying the reaction norm approach explicitly to cases …

… mean phenotype and reaction norm parameters to vary in time, we report stochastic
expectations averaged over 2,500 generations, over which the distribution of mean reaction norm …

… the importance of reaction norms in phenotypic evolution. The … phenotypic evolution we must
take into account phenotypic … as an integral part of the evolutionary process. Although I am …

… terms of gene induction, not phenotypic plasticity. However, a reaction norm approach might
be used by … A four-box model of phenotypic variations that may be observed according to an …

… We used life-history theory to predict reaction norms for age and … reaction norm by varying
growth rate and calculating an optimal age at maturity for each growth rate. The reaction norm …

… Here, we argue that a reaction norm approach to phenotypic … phenotype variation through
the reaction norms of small effect. Finally, we discuss the consequences of reaction norms of …

… phenotype. The red reaction norm shows a progression in phenotype value from environments
1 to 3… The green reaction norm shows a difference in a phenotype only in the intermediate …

… The reaction norm of such a trait would be logistic (S… reaction norm is mathematically
equivalent to a linear one:. Thus, a single evolutionary model can be used to describe the evolution …