This review summarizes the recent advances in high-density algal cultures in the field of
algal biotechnology. Photobioreactor engineering for economical and effective utilization of …

… in the culture process were investigated in a photobioreactor column under single and
combined gas … In general, microbubbles could improve mass transfer and photo bio-reaction. For …

… This chapter is an overview of our practice of photobioreactor … Photobioreactor engineering
addresses optimization of the … assessing performance of a photobioreactor because most of …

… in the photobioreactor depth, indicating thpt the light distribution inside the photobioreactor
… at which 50% of the photobioreactor volume receives enough light for photosynthetic growth …

This review paper describes systems used to cultivate microalgae for biofuel production. It
addresses general design considerations pertaining to reactors that use natural light and …

… can be done in open ponds or closed photobioreactor systems, which have a broad range
of … Finally, this review covers recommendations on the criteria for photobioreactor selection …

… flux density that is available within a photobioreactor for the growth of microalgal cultures. …
within the flat-plate gas-lift photobioreactor, taking light absorption and light scattering in the …

A microorganism culture process is a complex system in which physical operating parameters
and biological responses strongly interact. Mathematical formulation and modelling of the …

… the biohydrogen productivity and the metabolic engineering approaches for modifying the
… and stirred tank are reported that briefs about merits and demerits of each photobioreactor. …

… the field of photobioreactor engineering. Light energy is readily absorbed but cannot be
stored in a photobioreactor, and any light energy not absorbed or not used for photosynthesis is …