Plant tissue culture is a significant contribution in micropropagation of ornamental and forest trees, production of pharmaceutically interesting compounds and plant breeding for improved nutritional value of staple crop plants as well as in the improvement of tree species. Plant tissue culture can provide high-quality planting material for the fruits, vegetables and ornamental plants and forest tree species throughout the year, irrespective of season and weather, thus opening new opportunities to producers, farmers and nursery owners. The biotechnological approaches like haploid induction, somaclonal variation, etc. to improve traits are also its important applications. Plant tissue culture is a noble approach to be used in bioproduction, bioconversion or biotransformation of the valuable secondary products for large-scale production and biosynthetic studies.

Plant tissue culture has been routinely done for conservation of germplasm to be used for improving secondary metabolite production and agronomic traits of crops to increase yields. Production of artificial seeds has unravelled new vistas in in vitro plant biotechnology, such as large-scale clonal propagation, delivery of clonal plantlets, germplasm conservation and breeding of plants in which propagation through normal seeds is not possible.