An experimental analysis of compressor operation in a large refrigeration system was undertaken and a model for optimal compressor operation for energy efficiency was developed. The system used 5 screw compressors and ammonia as the refrigerant, with slide valves to regulate the compressors and match their refrigeration capacity with product freezing loads. Compressors in the existing system can operate simultaneously with reduced capacities, which results in reduced energy efficiency. Optimized operation was made both with and without a variable frequency drive. The results showed that the most electrical energy can be saved during days when not all of the tunnels were loaded. It is assumed that € 30 000–50 000 can be saved per year by optimizing the operation of the refrigeration system.