… Given the tendency of bacteria to evolve through the gain and loss of genes organized into
… that vascular and nonvascular pathogenesis emerge through the gain and loss of small …

… filamentous plant pathogens revealed multiple examples of … , notably effector genes that
modulate plant cell processes … the gene losses, the genomes of these obligate pathogens are …

… involves cell death. Perhaps, the avenue to reduce aggressiveness is through a modulation
of the … We suggest that multiple infection is the primary factor limiting the evolution of reduced …

… plant diseases, causing enormous economic losses. The … that are repeat-rich, and may confer
enhanced genetic diversity … by pathogens during host colonization and that modulate host …

… -spectrum disease resistance to multiple pathogens with … We next determined whether the
loss of vascular resistance … implications for the future development of a new generation of …

… Repeated gain and loss of a single gene modulates the evolution of vascular plant
pathogen lifestyles. … Repeated gain and loss of a single gene modulates the …

… patens from the lineage that led to the vascular plants. … Such cross talk likely evolved to
modulate the activation of … be important to increase plant survival under multiple stress conditions, …

… how each subunit modulates plant functions are being … From a comparison of the
transcriptomes and metabolomes of multiple … remains inactive in the absence of invading …

… Although plants lack a global circulatory immune system, they … of pathogen proteins, called
effectors, which modulate plant … plant hormones repeatedly targeted by diverse pathogen …

… to all vascular plants. Among the many secondary metabolites in … Calcium ions have the
potential for modulating numerous … results from repeated extensions of vascular colonization by …