… health research and … associations between inter-individual differences in brain structure or
function and complex cognitive or mental health phenotypes (brain-wide association studies (…

… reproducible brain-behavior correlations do not necessarily require thousands of individuals…
should not be used to assess BWAS reproducibility. Indeed, fairly conducted small BWAS …

Due to a tracking error during the peer review process, this article was published with the
wrong received date. This article was received 19 May 2021, not 20 August 2020. Further, this …

… , namely, how to understand individual cognition in the scope of an … associations are not
reproducible, it is relevant to understand why different subgroups show variable associations …

… of effect sizes of brain-wide associations with varying sampling … association studies (GWAS)
to generate robust associations … to ensure reproducibility 20 . However, the study merged …

… required for producing reliable and reproducible results. Recent findings suggest that brain-wide
association studies … need large samples sizes of 3000+ to lead to reproducible findings. …

… (MRI) datasets and concluded that thousands of participants are … in “brain-wide associations
studies,” which they defined as “studies of the associations between common interindividual …

… individuals (from 25 to thousands) for smaller brain–behavioral association analyses, the
authors also charted the observed effects sizes and reproducibility as a function of sample size. …

… -univariate association studies requires tens-of-thousands of … . requires tens-of-thousands
of individuals. Our results only have direct implications for mass univariate association studies, …

… brainwide association study–associations between individual … , r < 0.15) and thus require
thousands of participants for high … larger than univariate brainwide association studies (eg, r ≈ …