… the history of spinal robots … costs – comparing robotic-assisted to traditional fluoroscopy-assisted
freehand approaches. Finally, we consider future applications for robots in spine surgery…

… , we discuss the history of robotic-assisted spine surgery, the … The potential cost-benefit of
robotic assisted surgeries is still … has demonstrated efficacy in a number of non-spine surgical …

… , we demonstrate robot screw accuracy, reliability, operative efficiency, and radiation … the
cost of robot-assisted spine surgery; however, future work specifically focusing on cost analyses …

… allowed for navigation and robotic-assisted (RA) spine surgery. These … endoscopic spine
surgeon, there were high rates of … served as the building blocks for future systems, such as the …

… spinal robotics, providing an overview of their existing capabilities, advantages, and
challenges, as well as considering the possible future directions of robotic spine surgery (Table 1). …

… room efficiency, reduced radiation exposure, safe surgery, and … Robotic-assisted spine
surgery utilizes preoperative or … The future directions of robotic spine surgery are promising and …

Robotic Surgery: Research and Reviews is an international, peer reviewed, open access,
online journal publishing original research, commentaries, reports, and reviews on the theory, …

… Publication output over time, surgical outcomes, screw accuracy, and cost-effectiveness of
these technologies have been investigated here. Certain robots have functional, clinical, and …

… -to-date review of the history, currently available technology, … ; interviewed spine surgeons
have named cost-effectiveness … Data on robotic-assisted, minimally invasive interbody fusion …

… efficacy and viability. Based on this foundation, this chapter will delineate the historical
progression of robotic spine surgery … of robotic-assisted minimally invasive (MIS) spine surgery—…