Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system associated
with demyelination and axonal loss eventually leading to neurodegeneration. MS exhibits
many of the hallmarks of an inflammatory autoimmune disorder including breakdown of the
blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a complex organization of cerebral endothelial cells,
pericytes and their basal lamina, which are surrounded and supported by astrocytes and
perivascular macrophages. In pathological conditions, lymphocytes activated in the …