More than 270 different types of papillomaviruses have been discovered in a wide array of
animal species. Despite the great diversity of papillomaviruses, little is known about the
evolutionary processes that drive host tropism and the emergence of oncogenic genotypes.
Although host defense mechanisms have evolved to interfere with various aspects of a virus
life cycle, viruses have also coevolved copious strategies to avoid host antiviral restriction.
Our and other studies have shown that the cytidine deaminase APOBEC3 family members …