Neospora caninum is a major causative agent of prenatal loss in dairy cattle worldwide and also in sheep, goats and horses, with a negative economic impact on their breeding. For the presence of anti-Neospora antibodies 313 sera of sheep from five districts and 18 sera of goats from four districts of the Košice region and 69 sera of sheep from five districts of the Prešov region were examined. In sheep from the both regions 3.7% of animals were positive in average. Out of 18 goats examined only 3 animals were seropositive. The first survey in sheep revealed low prevalence of neosporosis in Slovak sheep flocks when compared to dairy cows post abortion. This sporadic occurrence may result in lower impact on reproduction loss in small ruminants.