Even though the overall social group inequality in general education has reduced, yet inequality in technical education and vocational training has increased over the last decade in all regions in the state of Uttar Pradesh. There is evidence of increasing inequalities in skill attainment across various regions and among social groups in the state. This paper attempts to explore the regional imbalances of growth in formal and non-formal skill formation through technical and vocational education and training (TVET) along with general education and its distribution across social groups in India’s most populous state. Secondary data from the National Sample Survey Organization’s (NSSO) quinquennial surveys for 2004–05 and 2011–12 have been used to explore skill formation as a whole in the state and among various social groups across different regions to investigate the disparities in skill attainment. Thereafter, the authors have conducted a primary survey in four districts in two economic regions of the state that validates their findings. Atkinson and Thiel indices have been used to decompose the inequality in skill attainment, showing the share of within-group and between-group inequalities for all the four economic regions of the state using NSSO data.