The prevention of perioperative neurocognitive disorders is a priority for patients, families,
clinicians, and researchers. Given the multiple risk factors present throughout the
perioperative period, a multicomponent preventative approach may be most effective. The
objectives of this narrative review are to highlight the importance of sleep, pain, and
cognition on the risk of perioperative neurocognitive disorders and to discuss the evidence
behind interventions targeting these modifiable risk factors. Sleep disruption is associated …