[HTML][HTML] Social support perceived by pregnant and puerperal women with HIV: A cross-sectional study

JS Quadros, TF Langendorf, WM Santos… - Avances En …, 2021 - scielo.org.co
Avances En Enfermería, 2021scielo.org.co
Objective: To assess whether the social support perceived by pregnant women with HIV is
different from that observed by puerperal women also with HIV. Method: The study had a
quantitative approach and a cross-sectional design. It was developed from April to
November 2014 in southern Brazil with 78 participants. The Social Support Scale for people
living with HIV/AIDS was applied. In addition, descriptive analysis, T-test, Fisher's exact test,
and linear logistic regression were performed. Results: There was a significant difference in …
Abstract
Objective:
To assess whether the social support perceived by pregnant women with HIV is different from that observed by puerperal women also with HIV.
Method:
The study had a quantitative approach and a cross-sectional design. It was developed from April to November 2014 in southern Brazil with 78 participants. The Social Support Scale for people living with HIV/AIDS was applied. In addition, descriptive analysis, T-test, Fisher's exact test, and linear logistic regression were performed.
Results:
There was a significant difference in total and instrumental social support scores, which show that the group of pregnant women report higher social support rates. Puerperal women are 8.8 times more likely to have low total social support (OR: 8.80; IC: 1.01-16.76) and 6.0 times more likely to have low instrumental social support (OR: 6.00; IC: 1.53-10.48). The level of satisfaction with the support from friends in the emotional (p= 0.009) and instrumental (p= 0.004) dimensions was low. It was evidenced that being pregnant is a protective factor in comparison with being a puerperal woman.
Conclusions:
Puerperal women living with HIV are dissatisfied with the social support they perceive, which involves the clinical practice of health professionals. Therefore, health professionals must qualify health care in a way that includes the social dimension of this type of patients.
Descriptors: HIV; Women's Health; Pregnancy; Postpartum Period; Social Support (source: Decs, BIREME)
Resumen
Objetivo:
Evaluar si el apoyo social percibido por las mujeres embarazadas con VIH difiere de aquel percibido por mujeres puérperas también con VIH.
Método:
El estudio tuvo un abordaje cuantitativo y transversal y se desarrolló entre abril y noviembre de 2014 en el sur del Brasil con un total de 78 participantes, empleando la Escala de Apoyo Social para personas con VIH/SIDA. Adicionalmente, se realizaron análisis descriptivos, prueba T, prueba exacta de Fisher y regresión logística linear.
Resultados:
Se reportó una diferencia significativa en el puntaje de apoyo social total e instrumental, evidenciando que el grupo de mujeres embarazadas reportó mayores tasas de apoyo social. Las mujeres puérperas evidencian 8, 8 veces más probabilidades de recibir poco apoyo social total (OR: 8, 80; IC: 1, 01-16, 76) y 6 veces más probabilidades de recibir bajo apoyo social instrumental (OR: 6, 00; IC: 1, 53-10, 48). Además, el grado de satisfacción con el apoyo suministrado por amigos en la dimensión emocional (p= 0,009) y en la instrumental (p= 0,004) registran bajos niveles. Se evidencia que estar embarazada es un factor de protección en comparación con la situación de las mujeres puérperas.
Conclusiones:
Las mujeres puérperas con VIH no están satisfechas con el apoyo social que reciben, lo cual involucra en la práctica clínica a los profesionales de la salud. Así, estos profesionales deben contemplar la dimensión social de los pacientes como parte de la atención en salud.
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