Nanotechnology is the design, characterization, production and application of structures, devices and systems by controlling shape and size at the nanoscale. It involves the production, manipulation and use of materials ranging in size from less than a micron to that of individual atoms from not only chemical approaches but also biological approaches. A wide range of nanophysics and nanostructures particles are being fabricated globally with the aim of developing clean, nontoxic and eco-friendly technologies. Use of ambient biological resources pathway such as microorganism and plant extract in this area of science is rapidly gaining importance owing to its growing success and simplicity. Currently, simple prokaryotes to complex eukaryotic organism’s plants are used for the fabrication of MNPs and reaction solution was measured using UV-visible spectrophotometer showed a sharp plasmon peak at~ 435 nm for silver, at~ 330nm for lead, at~ 410nm for cadmium and at~ 523 for gold confirming the presence of metal nanoparticles. For deep analysis we are using different tools of characterization such as scanning probe microscopy (SPM), TEM, SEM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Further studies are required on precise and specific analysis of nanoparticles’ production, including the nature and activity of diverse sizes of particles to optimize their production. This article presents a review of the ambient biological systems that may support and revolutionize the art of fabrication of metal nanoparticles from living material and the development of an updated knowledge base.