Targeted memory reactivation during slow wave sleep facilitates emotional memory consolidation
Sleep, 2014•academic.oup.com
Abstract Study Objectives: To investigate the mechanisms by which auditory targeted
memory reactivation (TMR) during slow wave sleep (SWS) influences the consolidation of
emotionally negative and neutral memories. Design: Each of 72 (36 negative, 36 neutral)
picture-location associations were encoded with a semantically related sound. During a
subsequent nap, half of the sounds were replayed in SWS, before picture-location recall was
examined in a final test. Setting: Manchester Sleep Laboratory, University of Manchester …
memory reactivation (TMR) during slow wave sleep (SWS) influences the consolidation of
emotionally negative and neutral memories. Design: Each of 72 (36 negative, 36 neutral)
picture-location associations were encoded with a semantically related sound. During a
subsequent nap, half of the sounds were replayed in SWS, before picture-location recall was
examined in a final test. Setting: Manchester Sleep Laboratory, University of Manchester …
Study Objectives
To investigate the mechanisms by which auditory targeted memory reactivation (TMR) during slow wave sleep (SWS) influences the consolidation of emotionally negative and neutral memories.
Design
Each of 72 (36 negative, 36 neutral) picture-location associations were encoded with a semantically related sound. During a subsequent nap, half of the sounds were replayed in SWS, before picture-location recall was examined in a final test.
Setting
Manchester Sleep Laboratory, University of Manchester.
Participants
15 adults (3 male) mean age = 20.40 (standard deviation ± 3.07).
Interventions
TMR with auditory cues during SWS.
Measurements and Results
Performance was assessed by memory accuracy and recall response times (RTs). Data were analyzed with a 2 (sound: replayed/not replayed) × 2 (emotion: negative/neutral) repeated measures analysis of covariance with SWS duration, and then SWS spindles, as the mean-centered covariate. Both analyses revealed a significant three-way interaction for RTs but not memory accuracy. Critically, SWS duration and SWS spindles predicted faster memory judgments for negative, relative to neutral, picture locations that were cued with TMR.
Conclusions
TMR initiates an enhanced consolidation process during subsequent SWS, wherein sleep spindles mediate the selective enhancement of reactivated emotional memories.
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