… , “European Union (EU)” is used throughout this report, even if “European Community” would
… reference to policies other than the common foreign and security policy. In the different EU …

… EU’s contribution to the Arctic since 2008 is analyzed in depth in the accompanying document
“The inventory of activities in the framework of developing a European Union Arctic Policy.…

… initiatives to develop an Arctic policy by the EU and by two non-Arctic member states, France
and Germany. We do not assess the relevance of these actors in the Arctic political arena, a …

… Consequently, while in fact unrelated to any actions taken in the Arctic, the EU’s climate
action has become a key component of the Union’s Arctic policy (Stępień and Raspotnik 2019b: …

… A seminal moment was the European Commission’s communication in November 2008, …
an EU Arctic Policy.Yet the EU’s efforts to develop a constructive engagement in the Arctic have …

… Arctic policy could help influence Russia over the EU’s interests in the Northern Sea … This
paper explored the role the EU’s Arctic Policy could play in the European Union’s relations with …

… submitted by the European Commission in 2009 to become a … Arctic Council, this being one
of the goals of EU Arctic policy … the European Parliament when it was revising its Arctic policy …

… The European Political Strategy Centre – the European Commission’s in-house think tank –
… , proposing the renewal of the European Union (EU)’s Arctic policy (EPSC 2019). One of its …

… Europe (European Commission Citation2016, 9). Hence, the European Commission has
developed an Arctic policy … and facilitate cooperation in the Euro-Arctic region and give a voice …

… I argue that the umbrella Arctic policy should be characterised … with Arctic partners,
management of the impact of EU policies, … continued involvement in Arctic governance structures. …