This paper analyses the transmission channel from non-performing loans to the cost of capital, credit provision and liquidity creation in the banks of the Eurozone. The empirical results suggest that holdings of non-performing loans increase both the long- and short-term cost of capital for banks. Moreover, the less capitalized the bank, the greater the reduction in credit provision and liquidity creation due to the increased cost of capital. This phenomenon is found to be more economically significant for European periphery country banks than for core country banks. The identification of the transmission channel is robust to the Granger predictability test.