The effect of body surface area exposure to menthol on temperature regulation and perception in men

DJ Gillis, J Moriarty, N Douglas, BR Ely, K Silva… - Journal of Thermal …, 2021 - Elsevier
DJ Gillis, J Moriarty, N Douglas, BR Ely, K Silva, JA Gallo
Journal of Thermal Biology, 2021Elsevier
Introduction In warm conditions topical application of menthol increases cool sensations and
influences deep body temperature. The purpose of this experiment was to explore whether
different body surface areas (BSA) exposed to menthol influence these responses. It was
hypothesized that the forcing function exerted by menthol will be proportionally related to
BSA. Method Using a within-participant design, 13 participants underwent three BSA
exposures (Small [S; finger]; Medium [M; arm]; Large [L; upper/lower body]) to 4.13 …
Introduction
In warm conditions topical application of menthol increases cool sensations and influences deep body temperature. The purpose of this experiment was to explore whether different body surface areas (BSA) exposed to menthol influence these responses. It was hypothesized that the forcing function exerted by menthol will be proportionally related to BSA.
Method
Using a within-participant design, 13 participants underwent three BSA exposures (Small [S; finger]; Medium [M; arm]; Large [L; upper/lower body]) to 4.13% menthol, and one Placebo exposure. During each exposure participants rested supine in a tent (30 °C, 50%rh) for 30-min before their intervention and 30-min thereafter. Measures included thermal sensation, thermal comfort, irritation, skin blood flow (finger SkBF; laser Doppler flowmetry), rectal temperature (Tre), and skin temperature (chest, forearm, thigh, calf). The Area Under the Curve from minute 30 to 60 was calculated and analyzed using a one-way ANOVA or Friedman's test with post-hoc testing (0.05 alpha level).
Results
There was no significant difference in any measure of thermometry (p > 0.05), while SKBF was significantly lowered in L, M, and S vs. P respectively (p < 0.05). Participants in L felt cooler vs. P and S (p < 0.05). Losses in thermal comfort were noted in L and M vs. P and S (p < 0.05), along with increased irritation in L vs. S (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Despite similar skin temperatures, larger BSA's exposed to menthol caused cooler sensations, likely due to the activation of a larger pool of menthol-sensitive neurons. This occurred in the absence of thermal discomfort and without perceptions of irritation exceeding ‘weak’. Larger BSA's also exhibited greater alterations in Tre, likely driven by a reduction in SkBF, but despite this mean body temperature was regulated suggesting the thermoregulatory system can cope with the range of BSA exposures studied herein.
Elsevier
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