Background Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive means by which to
assess the structure and function of the central nervous system. Current practices involve the
administration of multiple stimuli over target areas of a participant's scalp. Decreasing the
number of stimuli delivered during TMS assessments would improve time efficiency and
decrease participant demand. However, doing so may also compromise the within-or
between-session reliability of the technique. The aim of this review was therefore to …

Background Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a technique that can be used to
assess corticospinal plasticity. Current TMS practices involve the administration of multiple
stimuli over target areas of the participant's scalp. However, these procedures require 1 to 2
h per assessment. Decreasing the number of stimuli delivered during TMS assessments
would improve time efficiency and decrease participant demand. Thus, the aim of this review
is to determine the number of TMS stimuli required to reliably measure (1) corticomotor …