Diabetes, alcohol abuse, and combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) use have been
reported to cause multi-organ complications via induction of oxidative stress and
inflammation. Moreover, these are the most common factors implicated in male reproductive
dysfunctions. This study evaluated testicular oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and
germ cell proliferation in diabetic rats receiving alcohol or cART and their combination. Thirty
adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups, each consisting of six rats; …

Nitric oxide (NO) has been reported to be increased in the spermatic veins of men affected
by varicocele. The aim of the present study was to determine whether iNOS (inducible nitric
oxide synthase) has a role in testicular dysfunction associated with varicocele,
immunohistochemistry analyze was used to study iNOS activity in testis of adolescent rats
with experimental left varicoceles. Rats were randomly divided into three groups. The first
group consisted of rats undergoing partial ligation of left renal vein (n: 12). The second …