Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting up to
20% of the pediatric population associated with alteration of skin and gut microbiome.
Probiotics have been proposed for AD treatment. The ProPAD study aimed to investigate the
therapeutic effects of the probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) in children with
AD. Methods In total, 100 AD patients aged 6–36 months were enrolled in a randomized,
double‐blind, controlled trial to receive placebo (Group A) or LGG (1 x 1010 …

METHODS: The experimental group received subcutaneous dupilumab on day 1 and weeks
2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14. The control group, matched in age and gender to the participants
with AD, did not receive subcutaneous treatment. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and
lipid content in lesional and nonlesional skin were measured over time and compared
between participants with AD and matched controls. RESULTS: Dupilumab treatment led to
early and sustained reduction in TEWL from day 15 until week 16 in participants with AD …