Fifty years have passed since the first scientific paper discussing the Vrancea zone deep structure and associated high seismicity, using the novel Plate Tectonics concept structured during the late 60’s, was presented in an international journal by C. Roman (1970). Constantin Roman, a graduated geophysicist in Bucharest (Romania), obtained a Ph. D. degree at the Cambridge University (UK) in Paleomagnetism at the time when this domain of Geophysics was able to scientifically prove the validity of the Plate Tectonics concept, interpreting the alternating normal and reverse magnetic polarity of oceanic lithosphere stripes during geological time. A large number of scientific studies have been published ever since, presenting tectonic and geodynamic models which tried to explain the Vrancea high magnitude earthquakes “nest”, a seismogenic structure situated within the East Carpathians Bend area (Fig. 1). During the last decade the authors of this paper devoted an important part of their researches to the active tectonics, neotectonics, fault systems and associated seismicity in the Vrancea zone and its neighboring areas, by interpreting both regional and local geological, geophysical and geodetic data. Geophysical data, considered relevant for revealing regional, crustal and lithospheric geological structures, have been interpreted within this study: gravity, magnetics, refraction seismics, heat flow and especially, seismic tomography.