… Regular treatment Inhaled short-acting muscarinic antagonists (SAMAs) elicit a
bronchodilator effect in patients with asthma. However, this effect is small and not clinically and …

… Dual-pharmacology muscarinic antagonist-beta2 … muscarinic M3 receptor antagonists have
recently been described as potential inhaled longacting bronchodilators for the treatment of …

… , treatment with muscarinic receptor antagonists is an effective bronchodilator therapy in …
All muscarinic antagonists currently used as bronchodilating agents show high affinity for all …

… long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) as first-line bronchodilator therapy in patients
… , have been approved as maintenance bronchodilator treatments for stable COPD. These all …

… Bifunctional (or dual pharmacophore) MABA agents are a novel approach to ‘dual'
bronchodilator therapy by combining muscarinic antagonism and β 2 agonism in a single molecule …

… bronchodilator behind β 2 -agonists. It was also the first muscarinic antagonist widely used
to treat COPD. Like atropine, ipratropium is nonselective and has similar affinities for all five …

… long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) is well tolerated and efficacious as add-on therapy
to … Neither treatment produced clinically significant bronchodilation, likely because of mild …

… bronchodilators are now available: long-acting beta 2 agonists (LABAs) and long-acting
muscarinic antagonists … ml before bronchodilation and from 47 to 65 ml after bronchodilation (p < …

… the use of muscarinic antagonists declined. Lack of effectiveness of muscarinic antagonists
is due … of the relative ineffectiveness of other bronchodilator therapy in COPD. Specifically, β-…

… appears to be an effective bronchodilator therapy in patients with COPD, with an important …
-week trial the bronchodilator effect of a new long-acting muscarinic antagonist umeclidinium, …