… survival or death responses following a variety of stresses. In this … pathways in response to
ER stress. In addition, we highlight components of the UPR that are modulated in response to …

… reticulum (ER) of eukaryotic cells is a separate metabolic compartment [1] and the first
compartment in the secretory pathway of … ER stress, how this stress is sensed, and how this stress …

… of intracellular signalling pathways in response to the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded
proteins, and these pathways are collectively known as the unfolded-protein response. New …

… This further suggests that IRE1 mediates part of its angiogenic effect through XBP-1–independent
pathways, although heterogeneous responses may also be considered according to …

… Inability to meet protein folding demands within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) activates
the unfolded protein response (UPR), a signaling pathway with both adaptive and apoptotic …

… Upon dissociation from BiP and activation, these sensors initiate three distinct but
complementary signal transduction pathways: The PERK pathway induces global translational …

… stress sensors and pathways of the UPR. The response to ER stress includes three distinct
pathways that are activated by different ER stress sensors: ATF6, PERK and IRE1. Under ER …

… this triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR), which restores ER homeostasis. The UPR
is characterized by three distinct downstream signaling pathways that promote cell survival …

… The IRE1 sensor is generally associated with pro-survival pathways in response to ER
stress through the regulation of multiple chaperones. The mammalian genome encodes two …

… In summary, we find that ER stress is a new pathway to induce autophagy in yeast. The …
signaling pathway regulates Atg1 kinase activity, and how autophagy is induced under ER stress …