Influenza infections are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality each year, with the
highest infection rates found in the elderly population. The main strategy to reduce the …

The collective loss of immune protection during aging leads to poor vaccine responses and
an increased severity of infection for the elderly. Here, we review our current understanding …

Immunosenescence is the state of dysregulated immune function that contributes to the
increased susceptibility to infection of the elderly. Extensive studies of inbred laboratory …

Highlights•Immunosenescence leads to increased susceptibility to infection and decreased
vaccine response.•Heme-oxygenase gene expression may be an important element in age …

As individuals age, dysfunction of the immune system leads to an increased incidence of
infectious disease. Due to the complex network of cellular interactions and the multi-factorial …

One of the most profound public health consequences of immune senescence is reflected in
an increased susceptibility to influenza and other acute respiratory illnesses, as well as a …

Advancing age is accompanied by profound changes in immune function; some are induced
by the loss of critical niches that support development of naïve cells (eg thymic involution) …

The immune system is a very dynamic network, consisting of various innate and adaptive
cells acting via direct cell–cell contact, as well as indirect messaging mediated by soluble …

Innate and adaptive immune functions decline with age, leading to increased susceptibility
to infectious diseases and cancer, and reduced responses to preventive vaccination in the …

With increasing age, the human immune system undergoes characteristic changes, termed
immunosenescence, which lead to increased incidence and severity of infectious diseases …